Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: narrative synthesis

Abstract

Introduction. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an acute medico-social problem, and in order to minimize its effects, a comprehensive approach is needed at the individual level and in the formulation of public health policies.

Material and methods. A narrative synthesis of KAP studies results on AMR in LMICs was conducted. The search for sources was performed in public databases. After identifying articles and removing duplicates, 23 relevant ones were selected, of which 14 were fully analyzed.

Results. Studies have indicated that knowledge is generally deficient in LMICs. Negative or neutral attitudes and practices concerning antibiotic prescribing and administration prevail, with widespread self-medication. Determining factors are diverse, and addressing the AMR phenomenon necessitates a comprehensive approach, including policy-level initiatives aimed at raising awareness and educating the population.

Conclusions. The determinants of population KAP in LMICs are influenced by the economic situation and the health system. Clear objectives, correct sampling techniques, and standardization of research instruments are necessary for KAP studies to ensure the representativeness of the data.