Informed consent: challenges and perspectives of patients and healthcare providers in Georgia

Abstract

Background. The informed consent process is crucial in ensuring patient autonomy and ethical medical practice. The study aimed to assess understanding, experiences, and perceptions of informed consent among hospital personnel and the general population in Georgia, and to identify key challenges in its implementation. 

Material and methods. Two structured questionnaires were developed, one targeting healthcare professionals and the other the general population. The surveys explored respondents' knowledge, experiences, and opinions on informed consent. Data were analyzed to identify key topics and areas for improvement in the process.

Results. Among the general population, 68.8% reported receiving the informed consent form before medical services, while only 50.2% were informed of their right to accept or decline it. Nearly half (48.3%) reported misunderstandings of information provided by doctors. For hospital personnel, while there was unanimous agreement on the necessity of obtaining informed consent before procedures, only 59.3% demonstrated full understanding of required consent content, and only 10.2% correctly identified who else can sign the consent form. Notably, only 6.8% comprehended the nuances of verbal consent.

Conclusions. Significant gaps persist in the informed consent process in Georgia, including communication barriers, time constraints, and inconsistent understanding among patients and providers. Enhanced training, clear communication strategies, standardized practices, and the integration of technology are recommended to improve the informed consent process.